The importance of Upanishads (108-Upanishad in English) is as important as the Vedas, Puranas, Ramayana, Bhagavad Gita, Mahabharata,Ramcharitmanas, etc. in Hinduism. Upanishads are the important Shruti scriptures of Sanatan culture. Upanishad is also called Vedanta. The total number of Upanishads is 108. According to Shankaracharya, the main meaning of Upanishad is Brahmavidya and secondary meaning is the exponent of Brahmavidya.

Upanishad in English

108-Upanishad

The Isavasya Upanishad (Isavasya Upanishad in English) is part of the fortieth chapter of the Shukla Yajurveda. There is an Upanishad included in the part. In the category of 108 Upanishads, Ishavasyopanishad has got first place. In this Upanishad, description of God’s qualities, description of self, description of renunciation of unrighteousness, etc. have been said.

Isavasya Upanishad

The Isha Upanishad (Isha Upanishad in English)  is one of the shortest Upanishads, embedded as the final chapter of the Shukla Yajurveda. It is a Mukhya (primary) Upanishad, and is known in two recensions, called Kanva (VSK) and Madhyandina (VSM). The Upanishad is a brief poem, consisting of 17 or 18 verses, depending on the recension.

Isha Upanishad

The Kaivalya Upanishad is an aspiration, for the ultimate freedom. Kaivalya means: There should come a moment in consciousness, when I am completely alone, but I do not feel lonely. I may be lonely, yet I may not know the absence of another. Even if I am left alone, I should be so complete that someone else completes me, without suffering from it.

Kaivalya Upanishad

Prashna Upanishad (Prashna Upanishad in English) is an Upanishad under Atharvaveda branch. This Upanishad is written in Sanskrit language. Its author is considered to be the sages of the Vedic period, but mainly Ved Vyas ji is considered to be the author of many Upanishads. The spokesman of the Sa Upanishad was Acharya Pippalada, who probably lived by eating the flesh of Peepal. Their composition is after the Samhitas. There is no definite opinion about the period of the Upanishads, generally the period of the Upanishads is considered to be from 3000 BC to 500 BC. The following main facts have been considered as the basis for the decision of the Upanishads.

Prashna Upanishad

The Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad (Mandukya Upanishad in English) is the shortest of all the Upanishads, and is assigned to Atharvaveda. It is listed as number 6 in the Muktikā canon of 108 Upanishads.

Mandukya Upanishad

Kena panishad (Kena Upanishad in English) is an important Upanishad, which comes under the Sama Veda. It is mainly considered to represent the philosophy of Advaita Vedanta. Its name is derived from the word “Kena”, which means “by whom?”. In this Upanishad, there is a deep discussion on the soul, the Supreme Being, and the relationship between them.

Kena Upanishad

One of the most famous of the Upanishads is the Kath Upanishad. Kathopanishad (kathopanishad in English) is under the Katha branch of Krishna Yajurveda. The Kathopanishad has two chapters and each chapter has three sections. It has 119 verses. This Upanishad also begins with the Shantipatha which is unique to the Krishna Yajurveda. The purpose of Shantipath is to remove the obstacles in the study.

kathopanishad

Among the Upanishads, the Mundaka Upanishad (Mundaka Upanishad in English) is regarded as one the most important. It throws a flood of light on the Jnana Marga (the path of Knowledge) and leads the aspirant to the highest rung in the ladder of Jnana— Brahmavid Brahmaiva Bhavati.

Mundaka Upanishad

Aitareyo Upanishad (Aitareya Upanishad in English) is a major Upanishad which comes under Vedanta Darshan. This Upanishad is the name of chapters 4, 5 and 6 of the second Aranyaka under the Rig Vedic Aitareyaaranyaka. In this, important principles of Brahmavidya (knowledge of Brahma) have been described in detail. This Upanishad deals with the soul (Atma), Brahman (Brahman), the world (Jagat), and important topics of human life.

Aitareya Upanishad

Taittiriya Upanishad is a part of Taittiriya Aranyaka under the Taittiriya branch of Krishna Yajurveda. Out of the ten chapters of Taittiriya Aranyaka, the seventh, eighth and ninth chapters are called Taittiriya Upanishad.

Taittiriya Upanishad

Chhandogyo Upanishad (Chandogya Upanishad in English) is under Samavedic Talvakar Brahmin. Kenopanishad also belongs to the Talvakar branch. That’s why both of them have the same peace lesson. This is very important. Its narrative style is very systematic and logical. Chandogyo Upanishad contains a very detailed and detailed description of Tatva-knowledge and its useful actions and worships. Although nowadays, due to the almost complete extinction of Upanishad work and worship, only a few eminent scholars and thinkers have the exact knowledge of their nature and mystery, yet there is no doubt that the feeling and purpose underlying them is based on the same. But later Smarta Karma and Puranic and Tantric worships have emerged from them.

Chandogya Upanishad

The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad is one of the oldest and most important Upanishads, which is a part of the Shatapatha Brahmana of the Yajurveda. It is considered one of the major Upanishads and is notable for its vast scope, profound philosophical insight and detailed exploration of spiritual concepts.

Himanshu Rawat

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Upanishad